Bhopal is the capital megacity of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and the executive headquarters of both Bhopal quarter and Bhopal division.( 10)( 11) It’s known as the City of Lakes( 12) due to its colorful natural and artificial lakes. It’s also one of the greenest metropolises in India.( 13) It’s the 16th largest megacity in India and 131st( 14) in the world. After the conformation of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal was part of the Sehore quarter. It was bifurcated in 1972 and a new quarter, Bhopal, was formed. Flourishing around 1707, the megacity was the capital of the former Bhopal State, a kingly state of the British ruled by the Nawabs of Bhopal. multitudinous heritage structures from this period include the Taj- ul- Masajid and Taj Mahal palace. In 1984, the megacity was struck by the Bhopal disaster, one of the worst artificial disasters in history. Bhopal has a strong profitable base with multitudinous large and medium diligence operating in and around the megacity. Bhopal is considered as one of the important fiscal and profitable destinations in Madhya Pradesh’s two strong wealth pillars, the other being Indore. Bhopal’s GDP( nominal) was estimated at INR,175 crores( 2020 – 21) by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Madhya Pradesh. A Y- class megacity,( 15) Bhopal houses colorful educational and exploration institutions and installations of public significance, including ISRO’s Master Control Facility,( 16) BHEL and AMPRI. Bhopal is home to a large number of institutes of National Importance in India, videlicet, IISER, MANIT, SPA, AIIMS, NLIU, IIFM, NIDMP and IIIT( presently performing from a temporary lot inside MANIT). Bhopal megacity is also the divisional headquarter of Bhopal division of west central railroads( WCR), whose office is located at Habibganj.

The megacity attracted transnational attention in December 1984 after the Bhopal disaster, when a Union Carbide fungicide manufacturing factory( now possessed by Dow Chemical Company) blurted a admixture of deadly feasts composed substantially of methyl isocyanate, leading to one of the worst artificial disasters in the world’s history.( 17) The Bhopal disaster continues to be a part of the socio- political debate and a logistical challenge for the people of Bhopal.( 18) Bhopal was named as one of the first twenty Indian metropolises( the first phase) to be developed as a smart megacity under PM Narendra Modi’s flagship Smart metropolises Mission.( 19) Bhopal was also rated as the cleanest state capital megacity in India for three successive times, 2017, 2018 and 2019. Early history Bhopal was innovated by and named after 11th- century Malwa king Bhoja According to myth, Bhopal was innovated in the 11th century by the Paramara king Bhoja, who ruled from his capital at Dhar. This proposition states that Bhopal was firstly known as Bhojpal after a levee( confidante) constructed by the king’s minister. An indispensable proposition says that the megacity is named after another king called Bhupala( or Bhupal). According to yet another interpretation, Raja Bhoj suffered from leprosy. His croaker
advised him to make a lake with water from 365 gutters and take diurnal bath in it. When such a lake was erected, it was called Bhoj Tal( or Bhoj’s lake). Gradationally people started calling the megacity Bhojpal, and eventually Bhopal. Tomb of Dost Khan author of Bhopal state In the early 17th century, Bhopal was a small vill in the Gond area. The ultramodern Bhopal megacity was established by Dost Mohammad Khan( 1660- 1726) failed at the age of 66, a Pashtun dogface in the Mughal army.( 26) After the death of the emperor Aurangzeb, Khan started furnishing greedy services to original chieftains in the politically unstable Malwa region. In 1709, he took on the parcel of Berasia estate and latterly adjoined several homes in the region to establish the Bhopal State. Khan entered the home of Bhopal from the Gond queen Kamlapati in lieu of payment for greedy services and commandeered her area after her death. In the 1720s, he erected the Fatehgarh stronghold in the vill, which developed into the megacity of Bhopal over the coming many decades. Begum rule Bhopal came a kingly state after subscribing a convention( During the reign of Nazar Mohammed Khan 1816 – 1819) the British East India Company in 1818.

Between 1819 and 1926, the state was ruled by four women, Begums – unique in the kingliness of those days – under British suzerainty. Qudsia Begum was the first woman sovereign ( between 1819 and 1837), who was succeeded by her granddaughter, Shah Jehan. Between the times 1844 – 1860, when Shah Jehan was a child, her mama Sikandar( only son of Qudsia) ruled as regent. Curiously during the 1857 rebellion, Sikandar supported the British, for which she was awarded by publicizing her as king in 1858. To give her farther honor, she was given a 19- gun salutation and the Grand Cross of the Star of India. The ultimate made her original to a British person, who had been granted a knighthood. therefore she came, at that time, the only womanish knight in the entire British Empire besides Queen Victoria. Among the fairly minor prices, a home was restored to her, that she had before lost to a neighbouring Napoleon.

In 1901, Shah Jehan’s son Kaikhusrau Jahan came Begum, ruled until 1926, and was the last of the womanish line of race. In 1926,she renounced in favour of her son, Hamidullah Khan, who ruled until 1947, and was the last of the autonomous Nawabs. The rule of Begums gave the megacity its waterworks, railroads, a postal system, and a megacity constituted in 1907.

Post independence Bhopal State was the alternate- largest Muslim- ruled kingly state the first being Hyderabad. After the independence of India in 1947, the last Nawab expressed his want to retain Bhopal as a separate unit.